An independent review of public financial disclosures. Not affiliated with or endorsed by the U.S. House, the U.S. Senate, or any government agency.
T2 · Size and breadth

Breadth and concentration

Is trading concentrated in a few companies rather than spread across a diversified portfolio?

What would look suspicious

Informed trading concentrates in the few issuers tied to the information.

Statistic

Dollar-weighted HHI (identified set), effective number of issuers, normalized sector entropy

HHI=∑jsj2,Neff=1/HHI,H~=−∑gqgln⁡qg/ln⁡G\mathrm{HHI}=\sum_j s_j^2,\quad N_{\text{eff}}=1/\mathrm{HHI},\quad \tilde H=-\sum_g q_g\ln q_g/\ln G

Inference

Sharp bounds over the amount box; Monte Carlo benchmark drawn from all congressional trades; date-clustered bootstrap

Decision rule

Does not fit if trade-count concentration is at most 0.10 (ten or more effective issuers) or within the peer benchmark, and sector entropy is above 0.7. Otherwise open question; concentration alone never produces fits.

Inputs

tradessector map

Limitations

A concentrated portfolio is common among members who hold a family business or employer stock.

Full derivation and algorithm: technical methodology (PDF), section T2.

Results across members

Fits patternOpen questionDoes not fitNot assessedScreening signal

0 fits · 85 open question · 58 do not fit · 103 not assessed

Distribution of member estimates (143 members)
0224

Members flagged by this test

MemberReadingEstimateHolm pSummary
Alan Armstrong
Sen. · R-OK
Open question2–345 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 2 and trading spans 46% of maximum sector diversity.
Brian Babin
Rep. · R-TX-36
Open question5–14 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 39% of maximum sector diversity.
Jim Banks
Sen. · R-IN
Open question4–8 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 42% of maximum sector diversity.
Sheri Biggs
Rep. · R-SC-3
Open question12–79 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 12 and trading spans 73% of maximum sector diversity.
Cory A. Booker
Sen. · D-NJ
Open question4–14 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 52% of maximum sector diversity.
Ed Case
Rep. · D-HI-1
Open question5–9 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 35% of maximum sector diversity.
Kathy Castor
Rep. · D-FL-14
Open question5–22 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 51% of maximum sector diversity.
Judy Chu
Rep. · D-CA-28
Open question3–7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 39% of maximum sector diversity.
Susan M. Collins
Sen. · R-ME
Open question1–217 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 12% of maximum sector diversity.
James Comer
Rep. · R-KY-1
Open question26–30 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 26 and trading spans 67% of maximum sector diversity.
Dan Crenshaw
Rep. · R-TX-2
Open question10–17 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 10 and trading spans 66% of maximum sector diversity.
Ted Cruz
Sen. · R-TX
Open question2–6 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 2 and trading spans 33% of maximum sector diversity.
Suzan K. DelBene
Rep. · D-WA-1
Open question1–55 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 2% of maximum sector diversity.
Lloyd Doggett
Rep. · D-TX-37
Open question4–7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 62% of maximum sector diversity.
Byron Donalds
Rep. · R-FL-19
Open question32–53 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 32 and trading spans 62% of maximum sector diversity.
Neal P. Dunn
Rep. · R-FL-2
Open question1–3 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 21% of maximum sector diversity.
Ron Estes
Rep. · R-KS-4
Open question3–6 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 48% of maximum sector diversity.
Pat Fallon
Rep. · R-TX-4
Open question11–23 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 11 and trading spans 61% of maximum sector diversity.
John Fetterman
Sen. · D-PA
Open question6–7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 55% of maximum sector diversity.
Cleo Fields
Rep. · D-LA-6
Open question5–33 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 39% of maximum sector diversity.
Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann
Rep. · R-TN-3
Open question10–13 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 10 and trading spans 66% of maximum sector diversity.
Scott Franklin
Rep. · R-FL-18
Open question5–57 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 69% of maximum sector diversity.
Andrew R. Garbarino
Rep. · R-NY-2
Open question6–7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 53% of maximum sector diversity.
Josh Gottheimer
Rep. · D-NJ-5
Open question1–550 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 9% of maximum sector diversity.
Bill Hagerty
Sen. · R-TN
Open question3–20 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 38% of maximum sector diversity.
John W. Hickenlooper
Sen. · D-CO
Open question10–45 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 10 and trading spans 59% of maximum sector diversity.
J. French Hill
Rep. · R-AR-2
Open question22–44 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 22 and trading spans 52% of maximum sector diversity.
Ashley Hinson
Rep. · R-IA-2
Open question4–10 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 56% of maximum sector diversity.
Sara Jacobs
Rep. · D-CA-51
Open question6–48 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 63% of maximum sector diversity.
Thomas H. Kean, Jr.
Rep. · R-NJ-7
Open question14–57 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 14 and trading spans 72% of maximum sector diversity.
Mike Kelly
Rep. · R-PA-16
Open question8–42 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 8 and trading spans 78% of maximum sector diversity.
Robert E. Latta
Rep. · R-OH-5
Open question1–2 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1.
Laurel M. Lee
Rep. · R-FL-15
Open question5–12 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 53% of maximum sector diversity.
Susie Lee
Rep. · D-NV-3
Open question14–305 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 14 and trading spans 80% of maximum sector diversity.
Roger Marshall
Sen. · R-KS
Open question4–55 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 36% of maximum sector diversity.
April McClain Delaney
Rep. · D-MD-6
Open question32–48 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 32 and trading spans 73% of maximum sector diversity.
Lisa C. McClain
Rep. · R-MI-9
Open question77–440 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 77 and trading spans 84% of maximum sector diversity.
Mitch McConnell
Sen. · R-KY
Open question3–5 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 44% of maximum sector diversity.
David McCormick
Sen. · R-PA
Open question2–4 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 2 and trading spans 25% of maximum sector diversity.
Morgan McGarvey
Rep. · D-KY-3
Open question4–11 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 45% of maximum sector diversity.
John J. McGuire III
Rep. · R-VA-5
Open question11–13 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 11 and trading spans 46% of maximum sector diversity.
Grace Meng
Rep. · D-NY-6
Open question9–10 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 9.
Daniel Meuser
Rep. · R-PA-9
Open question1–27 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 20% of maximum sector diversity.
Ashley Moody
Sen. · R-FL
Open question8–16 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 8 and trading spans 39% of maximum sector diversity.
Blake D. Moore
Rep. · R-UT-1
Open question10–24 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 10 and trading spans 70% of maximum sector diversity.
Tim Moore
Rep. · R-NC-14
Open question10–35 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 10 and trading spans 56% of maximum sector diversity.
Jerry Moran
Sen. · R-KS
Open question25–45 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 25 and trading spans 77% of maximum sector diversity.
Joseph D. Morelle
Rep. · D-NY-25
Open question8–16 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 8 and trading spans 71% of maximum sector diversity.
Kelly Morrison
Rep. · D-MN-3
Open question9–23 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 9 and trading spans 71% of maximum sector diversity.
Seth Moulton
Rep. · D-MA-6
Open question1–8 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 27% of maximum sector diversity.
Patty Murray
Sen. · D-WA
Open question83–85 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 83 and trading spans 94% of maximum sector diversity.
Eleanor Holmes Norton
Rep. · D-DC-0
Open question1–2 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1.
Frank Pallone, Jr.
Rep. · D-NJ-6
Open question5–9 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 61% of maximum sector diversity.
Nancy Pelosi
Rep. · D-CA-11
Open question7–43 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 7 and trading spans 50% of maximum sector diversity.
August Pfluger
Rep. · R-TX-11
Open question12–18 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 12 and trading spans 65% of maximum sector diversity.
Emily Randall
Rep. · D-WA-6
Open question11–11 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 11 and trading spans 70% of maximum sector diversity.
Jack Reed
Sen. · D-RI
Open question38–58 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 38 and trading spans 62% of maximum sector diversity.
Pete Ricketts
Sen. · R-NE
Open question22–25 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 22 and trading spans 83% of maximum sector diversity.
John W. Rose
Rep. · R-TN-6
Open question4–11 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 45% of maximum sector diversity.
Deborah K. Ross
Rep. · D-NC-2
Open question16–20 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 16 and trading spans 59% of maximum sector diversity.
David Rouzer
Rep. · R-NC-7
Open question8–13 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 8 and trading spans 68% of maximum sector diversity.
Chip Roy
Rep. · R-TX-21
Open question1–7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 0% of maximum sector diversity.
Raul Ruiz
Rep. · D-CA-25
Open question7–10 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 7 and trading spans 49% of maximum sector diversity.
Michael A. Rulli
Rep. · R-OH-6
Open question6–24 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 55% of maximum sector diversity.
Linda T. Sánchez
Rep. · D-CA-38
Open question9–10 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 9 and trading spans 72% of maximum sector diversity.
Adam B. Schiff
Sen. · D-CA
Open question3–4 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 38% of maximum sector diversity.
Kim Schrier
Rep. · D-WA-8
Open question1–23 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 21% of maximum sector diversity.
Austin Scott
Rep. · R-GA-8
Open question11–17 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 11 and trading spans 57% of maximum sector diversity.
Robert C. "Bobby" Scott
Rep. · D-VA-3
Open question9–22 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 9 and trading spans 72% of maximum sector diversity.
Michael K. Simpson
Rep. · R-ID-2
Open question26–70 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 26 and trading spans 67% of maximum sector diversity.
Adam Smith
Rep. · D-WA-9
Open question18–18 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 18 and trading spans 79% of maximum sector diversity.
Tina Smith
Sen. · D-MN
Open question9–18 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 9 and trading spans 40% of maximum sector diversity.
Lloyd Smucker
Rep. · R-PA-11
Open question3–12 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 42% of maximum sector diversity.
Victoria Spartz
Rep. · R-IN-5
Open question1–3 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 18% of maximum sector diversity.
Greg Stanton
Rep. · D-AZ-4
Open question22–96 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 22 and trading spans 83% of maximum sector diversity.
Bryan Steil
Rep. · R-WI-1
Open question2–7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 2 and trading spans 6% of maximum sector diversity.
W. Gregory Steube
Rep. · R-FL-17
Open question1–2 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1.
Dan Sullivan
Sen. · R-AK
Open question6–59 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 63% of maximum sector diversity.
Shri Thanedar
Rep. · D-MI-13
Open question8–22 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 8 and trading spans 58% of maximum sector diversity.
William R. Timmons IV
Rep. · R-SC-4
Open question4–15 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 51% of maximum sector diversity.
Matt Van Epps
Rep. · R-TN-7
Open question6–13 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 58% of maximum sector diversity.
Tim Walberg
Rep. · R-MI-5
Open question11–13 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 11 and trading spans 53% of maximum sector diversity.
Peter Welch
Sen. · D-VT
Open question13–72 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 13 and trading spans 70% of maximum sector diversity.
George Whitesides
Rep. · D-CA-27
Open question20–34 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 20 and trading spans 86% of maximum sector diversity.
Ron Wyden
Sen. · D-OR
Open question30–64 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 30 and trading spans 75% of maximum sector diversity.