Breadth and concentration
Is trading concentrated in a few companies rather than spread across a diversified portfolio?
What would look suspicious
Informed trading concentrates in the few issuers tied to the information.
Statistic
Dollar-weighted HHI (identified set), effective number of issuers, normalized sector entropy
Inference
Sharp bounds over the amount box; Monte Carlo benchmark drawn from all congressional trades; date-clustered bootstrap
Decision rule
Does not fit if trade-count concentration is at most 0.10 (ten or more effective issuers) or within the peer benchmark, and sector entropy is above 0.7. Otherwise open question; concentration alone never produces fits.
Inputs
Limitations
A concentrated portfolio is common among members who hold a family business or employer stock.
Full derivation and algorithm: technical methodology (PDF), section T2.
Results across members
0 fits · 85 open question · 58 do not fit · 103 not assessed
Highest estimates
Members flagged by this test
| Member | Reading | Estimate | Holm p | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alan Armstrong Sen. · R-OK | Open question | 2 | – | 345 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 2 and trading spans 46% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Brian Babin Rep. · R-TX-36 | Open question | 5 | – | 14 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 39% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Jim Banks Sen. · R-IN | Open question | 4 | – | 8 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 42% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Sheri Biggs Rep. · R-SC-3 | Open question | 12 | – | 79 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 12 and trading spans 73% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Cory A. Booker Sen. · D-NJ | Open question | 4 | – | 14 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 52% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Ed Case Rep. · D-HI-1 | Open question | 5 | – | 9 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 35% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Kathy Castor Rep. · D-FL-14 | Open question | 5 | – | 22 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 51% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Judy Chu Rep. · D-CA-28 | Open question | 3 | – | 7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 39% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Susan M. Collins Sen. · R-ME | Open question | 1 | – | 217 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 12% of maximum sector diversity. |
| James Comer Rep. · R-KY-1 | Open question | 26 | – | 30 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 26 and trading spans 67% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Dan Crenshaw Rep. · R-TX-2 | Open question | 10 | – | 17 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 10 and trading spans 66% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Ted Cruz Sen. · R-TX | Open question | 2 | – | 6 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 2 and trading spans 33% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Suzan K. DelBene Rep. · D-WA-1 | Open question | 1 | – | 55 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 2% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Lloyd Doggett Rep. · D-TX-37 | Open question | 4 | – | 7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 62% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Byron Donalds Rep. · R-FL-19 | Open question | 32 | – | 53 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 32 and trading spans 62% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Neal P. Dunn Rep. · R-FL-2 | Open question | 1 | – | 3 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 21% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Ron Estes Rep. · R-KS-4 | Open question | 3 | – | 6 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 48% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Pat Fallon Rep. · R-TX-4 | Open question | 11 | – | 23 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 11 and trading spans 61% of maximum sector diversity. |
| John Fetterman Sen. · D-PA | Open question | 6 | – | 7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 55% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Cleo Fields Rep. · D-LA-6 | Open question | 5 | – | 33 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 39% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann Rep. · R-TN-3 | Open question | 10 | – | 13 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 10 and trading spans 66% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Scott Franklin Rep. · R-FL-18 | Open question | 5 | – | 57 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 69% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Andrew R. Garbarino Rep. · R-NY-2 | Open question | 6 | – | 7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 53% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Josh Gottheimer Rep. · D-NJ-5 | Open question | 1 | – | 550 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 9% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Bill Hagerty Sen. · R-TN | Open question | 3 | – | 20 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 38% of maximum sector diversity. |
| John W. Hickenlooper Sen. · D-CO | Open question | 10 | – | 45 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 10 and trading spans 59% of maximum sector diversity. |
| J. French Hill Rep. · R-AR-2 | Open question | 22 | – | 44 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 22 and trading spans 52% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Ashley Hinson Rep. · R-IA-2 | Open question | 4 | – | 10 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 56% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Sara Jacobs Rep. · D-CA-51 | Open question | 6 | – | 48 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 63% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Thomas H. Kean, Jr. Rep. · R-NJ-7 | Open question | 14 | – | 57 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 14 and trading spans 72% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Mike Kelly Rep. · R-PA-16 | Open question | 8 | – | 42 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 8 and trading spans 78% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Robert E. Latta Rep. · R-OH-5 | Open question | 1 | – | 2 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1. |
| Laurel M. Lee Rep. · R-FL-15 | Open question | 5 | – | 12 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 53% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Susie Lee Rep. · D-NV-3 | Open question | 14 | – | 305 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 14 and trading spans 80% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Roger Marshall Sen. · R-KS | Open question | 4 | – | 55 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 36% of maximum sector diversity. |
| April McClain Delaney Rep. · D-MD-6 | Open question | 32 | – | 48 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 32 and trading spans 73% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Lisa C. McClain Rep. · R-MI-9 | Open question | 77 | – | 440 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 77 and trading spans 84% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Mitch McConnell Sen. · R-KY | Open question | 3 | – | 5 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 44% of maximum sector diversity. |
| David McCormick Sen. · R-PA | Open question | 2 | – | 4 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 2 and trading spans 25% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Morgan McGarvey Rep. · D-KY-3 | Open question | 4 | – | 11 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 45% of maximum sector diversity. |
| John J. McGuire III Rep. · R-VA-5 | Open question | 11 | – | 13 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 11 and trading spans 46% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Grace Meng Rep. · D-NY-6 | Open question | 9 | – | 10 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 9. |
| Daniel Meuser Rep. · R-PA-9 | Open question | 1 | – | 27 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 20% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Ashley Moody Sen. · R-FL | Open question | 8 | – | 16 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 8 and trading spans 39% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Blake D. Moore Rep. · R-UT-1 | Open question | 10 | – | 24 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 10 and trading spans 70% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Tim Moore Rep. · R-NC-14 | Open question | 10 | – | 35 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 10 and trading spans 56% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Jerry Moran Sen. · R-KS | Open question | 25 | – | 45 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 25 and trading spans 77% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Joseph D. Morelle Rep. · D-NY-25 | Open question | 8 | – | 16 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 8 and trading spans 71% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Kelly Morrison Rep. · D-MN-3 | Open question | 9 | – | 23 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 9 and trading spans 71% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Seth Moulton Rep. · D-MA-6 | Open question | 1 | – | 8 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 27% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Patty Murray Sen. · D-WA | Open question | 83 | – | 85 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 83 and trading spans 94% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Eleanor Holmes Norton Rep. · D-DC-0 | Open question | 1 | – | 2 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1. |
| Frank Pallone, Jr. Rep. · D-NJ-6 | Open question | 5 | – | 9 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 5 and trading spans 61% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Nancy Pelosi Rep. · D-CA-11 | Open question | 7 | – | 43 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 7 and trading spans 50% of maximum sector diversity. |
| August Pfluger Rep. · R-TX-11 | Open question | 12 | – | 18 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 12 and trading spans 65% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Emily Randall Rep. · D-WA-6 | Open question | 11 | – | 11 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 11 and trading spans 70% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Jack Reed Sen. · D-RI | Open question | 38 | – | 58 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 38 and trading spans 62% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Pete Ricketts Sen. · R-NE | Open question | 22 | – | 25 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 22 and trading spans 83% of maximum sector diversity. |
| John W. Rose Rep. · R-TN-6 | Open question | 4 | – | 11 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 45% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Deborah K. Ross Rep. · D-NC-2 | Open question | 16 | – | 20 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 16 and trading spans 59% of maximum sector diversity. |
| David Rouzer Rep. · R-NC-7 | Open question | 8 | – | 13 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 8 and trading spans 68% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Chip Roy Rep. · R-TX-21 | Open question | 1 | – | 7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 0% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Raul Ruiz Rep. · D-CA-25 | Open question | 7 | – | 10 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 7 and trading spans 49% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Michael A. Rulli Rep. · R-OH-6 | Open question | 6 | – | 24 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 55% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Linda T. Sánchez Rep. · D-CA-38 | Open question | 9 | – | 10 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 9 and trading spans 72% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Adam B. Schiff Sen. · D-CA | Open question | 3 | – | 4 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 38% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Kim Schrier Rep. · D-WA-8 | Open question | 1 | – | 23 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 21% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Austin Scott Rep. · R-GA-8 | Open question | 11 | – | 17 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 11 and trading spans 57% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Robert C. "Bobby" Scott Rep. · D-VA-3 | Open question | 9 | – | 22 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 9 and trading spans 72% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Michael K. Simpson Rep. · R-ID-2 | Open question | 26 | – | 70 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 26 and trading spans 67% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Adam Smith Rep. · D-WA-9 | Open question | 18 | – | 18 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 18 and trading spans 79% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Tina Smith Sen. · D-MN | Open question | 9 | – | 18 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 9 and trading spans 40% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Lloyd Smucker Rep. · R-PA-11 | Open question | 3 | – | 12 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 3 and trading spans 42% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Victoria Spartz Rep. · R-IN-5 | Open question | 1 | – | 3 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1 and trading spans 18% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Greg Stanton Rep. · D-AZ-4 | Open question | 22 | – | 96 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 22 and trading spans 83% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Bryan Steil Rep. · R-WI-1 | Open question | 2 | – | 7 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 2 and trading spans 6% of maximum sector diversity. |
| W. Gregory Steube Rep. · R-FL-17 | Open question | 1 | – | 2 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 1. |
| Dan Sullivan Sen. · R-AK | Open question | 6 | – | 59 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 63% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Shri Thanedar Rep. · D-MI-13 | Open question | 8 | – | 22 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 8 and trading spans 58% of maximum sector diversity. |
| William R. Timmons IV Rep. · R-SC-4 | Open question | 4 | – | 15 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 4 and trading spans 51% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Matt Van Epps Rep. · R-TN-7 | Open question | 6 | – | 13 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 6 and trading spans 58% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Tim Walberg Rep. · R-MI-5 | Open question | 11 | – | 13 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 11 and trading spans 53% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Peter Welch Sen. · D-VT | Open question | 13 | – | 72 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 13 and trading spans 70% of maximum sector diversity. |
| George Whitesides Rep. · D-CA-27 | Open question | 20 | – | 34 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 20 and trading spans 86% of maximum sector diversity. |
| Ron Wyden Sen. · D-OR | Open question | 30 | – | 64 different companies; the effective number of equally sized positions is 30 and trading spans 75% of maximum sector diversity. |